What to Do Immediately If a Frozen Pipe Bursts
A burst pipe is one of the most stressful plumbing emergencies a homeowner can face—especially when it happens during freezing winter temperatures. When water freezes inside a pipe, it expands, creating pressure that can cause the pipe to crack or rupture. Once the ice thaws, water can quickly flood your home, leading to costly damage. Acting fast and knowing the right steps to take can significantly reduce damage and frozen pipe repair costs.
Shut Off the Water Supply Immediately
The first and most important step is to stop the flow of water. Locate your home’s main water shutoff valve and turn it off as quickly as possible. This valve is typically found in the basement, crawl space, utility room, or near where the water line enters the home. If you cannot find the main valve, shutting off the nearest local valve to the burst pipe can help limit water flow until the main supply is secured.
If water is already spreading, avoid standing water near electrical outlets or appliances to reduce the risk of electrical shock.
Turn Off Electricity in Affected Areas
If water is leaking near electrical fixtures, appliances, or outlets, turn off power to the affected areas at your breaker panel. Water and electricity are a dangerous combination, and cutting power can help prevent injury or fire hazards.
Drain the Plumbing System
After shutting off the water, open all faucets connected to the damaged pipe. This helps drain remaining water from the system and relieves pressure, reducing additional leaks. Don’t forget to flush toilets and turn on both hot and cold taps where possible.
If the burst pipe is part of a hot water line, turn off your water heater to prevent damage to the unit.
Contain the Water and Minimize Damage
Use towels, buckets, or mops to contain and remove standing water. If available, use a wet/dry vacuum to extract water quickly. The faster you dry the area, the less likely you are to experience secondary damage such as mold growth, warped flooring, or structural issues.
Move furniture, rugs, and valuables away from the affected area to prevent further damage.
Locate the Burst Pipe
If it’s safe to do so, try to identify where the pipe burst. Look for visible cracks, bulges, or dripping water. Frozen pipe bursts often occur in unheated areas like basements, crawl spaces, attics, or inside exterior walls.
Do not attempt to use the plumbing system again until the damaged pipe has been properly repaired.
Call a Licensed Plumber
Contact a professional plumber as soon as possible. Burst pipes require proper repair or replacement to ensure the system is safe and up to code. Temporary fixes, such as tape or clamps, may slow a leak but should never replace professional repairs.
Document the Damage
Take photos and videos of the damage for insurance purposes. Contact your homeowner’s insurance provider to report the incident and begin the claims process. Proper documentation can make a significant difference when filing a claim.
Prevent Future Frozen Pipes
Once repairs are complete, take steps to prevent future freezing. Insulate exposed pipes, seal air leaks, maintain consistent indoor temperatures, and allow faucets to drip during extreme cold.
A burst frozen pipe can cause extensive damage in a short amount of time, but quick action makes all the difference. Shutting off water, addressing electrical safety, and calling a professional plumber right away can help protect your home and get your plumbing system back on track quickly and safely.